Boiling Point of Metals Chart
Complete reference table of metal boiling points in Celsius (°C), Fahrenheit (°F), and Kelvin (K). Search, sort, filter, and convert temperature units live.
Quick Metal Boiling Point Lookup & Converter
| Metal Element | Symbol | Celsius (°C) | Fahrenheit (°F) | Kelvin (K) | Boiling Intensity |
|---|
Showing 40 metals
Understanding Metal Boiling Points and Physical Chemistry
The **boiling point of a metal** is the temperature at which its liquid phase transitions into a vapor phase at standard atmospheric pressure (1 atm / 101.3 kPa). Unlike melting points, metal boiling points require immense energy to break metallic bond networks.
1. Elements with the Highest Boiling Points
Refractory metals exhibit extreme boiling temperatures due to strong d-orbital metallic bonding:
- Rhenium (Re): 5,596 °C (10,105 °F / 5,869 K) — Highest boiling point of all metals!
- Tungsten (W): 5,550 °C (10,022 °F / 5,823 K) — Famous for incandescent filaments and plasma electrodes.
- Tantalum (Ta): 5,365 °C (9,689 °F / 5,638 K) — Used in high-temperature capacitors and jet turbines.
- Osmium (Os): 5,012 °C (9,054 °F / 5,285 K) — Densest naturally occurring element.
2. Elements with the Lowest Boiling Points
- Mercury (Hg): 357 °C (675 °F / 630 K) — Liquid at room temperature!
- Cesium (Cs) & Rubidium (Rb): ~670 °C – 688 °C — Highly reactive alkali metals.
- Selenium (Se) & Potassium (K): 700 °C – 760 °C.
- Zinc (Zn) & Cadmium (Cd): 767 °C – 910 °C.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Which metal has the highest boiling point?
Rhenium (Re) has the highest boiling point of all metallic elements at 5,596 °C (10,105 °F / 5,869 K), closely followed by Tungsten (W) at 5,550 °C (10,022 °F).
Which metal has the lowest boiling point?
Mercury (Hg) has the lowest boiling point of any metal at 357 °C (675 °F / 630 K). It is also the only metal that is liquid at standard room temperature (20 °C).
How do you convert between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin?
- Fahrenheit (°F) = (°C × 9/5) + 32
- Kelvin (K) = °C + 273.15
- Celsius (°C) = K - 273.15
What is the boiling point of Iron, Gold, and Copper?
- Iron (Fe): 2,870 °C (5,198 °F / 3,143 K)
- Gold (Au): 2,800 °C (5,072 °F / 3,073 K)
- Copper (Cu): 2,575 °C (4,667 °F / 2,848 K)
What is the difference between melting point and boiling point?
The melting point is the temperature where a solid turns into a liquid (e.g. Iron melts at 1,538 °C). The boiling point is the temperature where the liquid turns into a gas/vapor (Iron boils at 2,870 °C).
Why do refractory metals have such high boiling points?
Refractory metals (Tungsten, Rhenium, Tantalum, Niobium, Molybdenum) have exceptionally strong d-electron metallic bonds, requiring immense thermal kinetic energy to vaporize the liquid lattice.
What is Gallium's unique liquid temperature range?
Gallium (Ga) has one of the widest liquid temperature ranges of any element! It melts near room temperature at 29.76 °C, but doesn't boil until 2,400 °C (4,352 °F / 2,673 K) — a liquid range of over 2,370 °C!
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