Line Break Converter

Auto-detect line breaks and convert single ⇄ double spacing, CRLF ⇄ LF line endings, remove empty lines, or replace breaks with custom delimiters.

Detected Format: Auto-Detecting... Single Spaced
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Line Break Types & Operating System Standards

Understanding newline conventions across operating systems, programming languages, and text protocols:

Format Name Escape Code Byte Sequence (Hex) Operating Systems / Environments Common Issues If Mismatched
LF (Line Feed) \n 0x0A (10) Linux, Unix, macOS, Android, iOS, Git default Old Windows Notepad renders everything on a single unbroken line.
CRLF (Carriage Return + Line Feed) \r\n 0x0D 0x0A (13 10) Microsoft Windows, DOS, HTTP headers, SMTP, MIME Bash scripts on Linux fail with /bin/bash^M: bad interpreter.
CR (Carriage Return) \r 0x0D (13) Classic Mac OS (System 1 through Mac OS 9), Commodore, Apple II Modern parsers treat CR as carriage-reset and overwrite preceding text.
HTML Line Break <br> / <br /> HTML Tag Web Browsers, Rich Text Renderers, Email Templates Plain text line breaks are ignored in HTML unless enclosed in <pre> or converted.

When to Use Line Break & Spacing Conversions

Fixing Bash & Shell Scripts

Windows CRLF endings cause Linux bash scripts to error with ^M: bad interpreter. Convert your file to Unix LF in one click to fix deployment pipelines.

SQL & CSV List Ingestion

Turn a multi-line list of IDs, emails, or SKUs into a comma-separated list formatted for WHERE id IN (...) queries or spreadsheet pasting.

Essay & Manuscript Formatting

Convert single-spaced drafts into double-spaced manuscripts required by APA, MLA, or Chicago submission guidelines, or strip unwanted accidental double returns.

Frequently Asked Questions

This classic error happens when a shell script is created or edited on Windows with CRLF line breaks. Linux interprets the carriage return character (\r, shown as ^M) as part of the command path, failing to locate /bin/bash\r. Converting the line endings to LF resolves the problem instantly.
Paste your list into the input box, set Line Spacing Mode to Replace Line Breaks with Custom Delimiter, and choose Comma + Space (, ). All newlines will be joined into a single clean line.
Single spacing places each line immediately under the previous one without empty blank lines between them. Double spacing inserts a blank line (\n\n or \r\n\r\n) after each line of text, which is frequently required in academic submissions, editing drafts, and print manuscripts.
Git uses the core.autocrlf setting. On Windows, setting git config --global core.autocrlf true converts LF to CRLF upon checkout and CRLF to LF upon commit. On macOS/Linux, setting it to input ensures commits only store LF. If your repository contains mixed line endings, this tool lets you normalize files manually.
Yes. Use the Upload File button to load text, CSV, SQL, Markdown, or log files. The converter handles large files smoothly in memory and lets you download the converted file with original line endings preserved or adjusted.
Yes. All processing is 100% client-side. Your text, code snippets, and confidential documents never leave your browser or get sent over the network.

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